Essay Is Monogamy the Best Form of Marriage - 588 Words

Is Monogamy the Best Form of Marriage? In the United States, marriage is a commitment two people make for the rest of their lives. The average American marriage lasts seven years. Well over half of all marriages end in divorce (Francouer, 72). Statistics in the infidelity have rose fifty percent since the 1970s and is rising all the time. The divorce count in this country is now up to one out of every three-marriage end in divorce. Serial polygamy is a common lifestyle for those who are divorced and then become remarried. The relationship between a husband and wife should be sacred and trustworthy. Without the trust and honesty there is no marriage. Monogamy is the loving, sharing, and devoting ones self to another person for†¦show more content†¦However, less than one-third of the twenty-nine monogamous cultures completely disapprove of both premarital and extramarital relations (Francouer 72). For centuries, marriage was a dynastic affair, arranged by the parents and families. During the Middle Ages, they thought of marriage as a passionate love for an unattainable woman, usually the wife of a noble lord. In the 1970s, extramarital sex was estimated at as many as fifty-seventy percent of husbands and wives had been unfaithful at least once during their marriage (Francouer 73). However, in the 1990s, things have changed a little. People do not respect to abide by the Catholic Church laws, such as premarital sex is wrong and divorce is not allowed in the church. Nowadays, you see kids having kids and a child having two different immediate families. Two people in a marriage who are totally committed to each other will nourish and grow closer each and every day they are married. Having this commitment brings the husband and wife together as one. Monogamy fulfills a relationship with love and honesty. Although, some people believe they need to express their love to more than one person. They feel that one person is not enough to keep them satisfied emotionally, spiritually, and also physically. People believe that not being monogamous will open yourShow MoreRelatedThe s Opinion On Monogamy1037 Words   |  5 Pagesopinion on monogamy relates well in theory and reinforces current societal norms . However, her argument lacks research to support her view, while giving few examples of the benefits of monogamy she relinquishes any depth and breadth in her opinion, leaving out any clarity on this matter. Gordeau’s points†¦ â€Å"Humans are among just 3% of mammals that form pair bonds, she says.† (Taverner p. 74) - Only 3% of mammals pair bonds is an extremely low percentage and does not support the case for monogamy. MoreoverRead MoreMarriage Is The Central And Most Important Social Institution1503 Words   |  7 PagesMarriage is a form of union between two people, in which comes with love, respect, responsibilities, mutual conjugal rights, and a family. In many cultures, marriage is the central and most important social institution. In varies in many ways such as rituals, weddings, anniversaries, and as many things in life come to an end, divorce. Across cultures, there will be different forms of marriages, some may be out of societies norms and some can be the right thing to do when it comes to culture. PolygamyRead MoreThe Social Arrangement That Permits Have More Than One Wife At The Same Time Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesthe world. Although looked down upon by societies views mainly in developed countries, among the 849 human societies, 75 percent practice polygyny. Seeing this, although common in developed countries, it poses a question for the origin of monogamy. Is monogamy really the prevalent practice or simply a moral ideology? Ancient Hebrews, Mormons in the United States and Chinese traditionalists, originated the practice of polygyny, however the modern day practice is concentrated in Africa, the MiddleRead MoreEssay about Is Monogamy the Best Option?2638 Words   |  11 PagesIs monogamy really the best relationship dynamic for everyone? Are people being honest with themselves, their lovers, or even their spouses in regards to monogamy? Apparently they are not, due to the seemingly common occurrence of infidelity in society today. This is why I will explore alternative relationship dynamics, and the pros and cons of monogamy, polyamory and other non-monogamous lifestyles. The idea of non-monogamy seems to be on people’s minds, since it has been coming up in popular cultureRead MoreThe Ultimate Goal Of Romantic Relationships978 Words   |  4 Pagesultimate goal of romantic relationships is to establish a long-term relationship culminating into marriage† (Gala Kapadia 2014). This is the b elief that was instilled in me since I was a child. When I started dating, I had a few relationships that ended after a few months. My parents would continuously ask me â€Å"Why date someone if you have no intention of marrying that person?† However, I was young, marriage was the last thing on my mind. My reasoning was that if I liked the boy, and the boy liked meRead MoreRelationship Between Family And Marriage Patterns898 Words   |  4 Pages In Anthropology we studied the relationship between family and marriage patterns. We live in the 21st century and different cultures have different views on marriage. How has marriage changed over the years, what is the meaning of family and what are the three different types of residence patterns? Relationships have changed and we need to learn more about them. Marriage is commonly thought of as a commitment between a man and a woman, or a man and a man, or a woman and aRead MoreMonogamy Versus Polygamy Essay1884 Words   |  8 PagesSSC 101-2 Research Paper Monogamy versus Polygamy Nobody ever said marriage was easy. Marriage is a vow to remain honest, true, and faithful, and a promise to always love and cherish the chosen one. In many cultures worldwide, young girls dream of the day that her knight in shining armor will come to her, sweep her off her feet, and propose marriage in a rush of romance. This dream of love is instilled in cultural values and beliefs that affect the child throughout his or her upbringing, whichRead MoreA Brief Note On The Union Of Marriage1422 Words   |  6 PagesUnion in marriage has existed in our society for ages and is not a recent concept. It is also referred to as matrimony; it is a publicly recognized union throughout the society between two different persons. In fact, you and I are here because your parents and my parents decided to get married to each other and bear children. Marriage is a form of correlation that involves mutual duties and rights where individuals are communally or socially consented to and initiate a fa mily. Thus, marriage is a worldwideRead MoreFamily As A Social Institution Doc Essay5585 Words   |  23 Pagesï » ¿ INDEX Contents Page No: 1. Introduction 03 1.1 Definition Of Family 03 1.2 Only Child families 03 1.3 Largest Families 03-04 1.4 Single Parent families 04 1.5 Marriage 04 1.6 Types of Marriage 04-05 1.7 Mate Selection 05 2. Structure of Family 05-07 3. Stages of Family 07 3.1 Stage One 07 3.2 Stage Two 07 3.3 Stage Three 07 3.4 Stage Four 07-08 3.5 Stage Five 08 3.6 Stage Six 08 4. Role Of Family 08-09 4.1 Toward children 09 4.2 Toward Parent 09-10 5. Theoretical analysis of the family 10Read MoreMonogamy Vs Polygamy1254 Words   |  6 Pagespolygamy, even though individuals are allowed to be romantically involved with others, it must be communicated with the partner or partners. Some would say it makes certain things more complicated while some might argue that it helps in ways that monogamy simply cannot fulfill. While polygamy is controversial throughout the world, and in some places even illegal, those who choose to participate in it find a great deal of satisfaction. When analyzing polygamy through the lens of Joseph Brodsky’s â€Å"In

Terrorism In The Olympics Essay - 1139 Words

Terrorism and Security in the Olympics Security is a fundamental notion in sports. Nowadays athletes are viewed often through the media, therefore they are recognizable. In the Olympics security measures must be taken to protect the athletes. There are many different nationalities involved therefore security has to be taken in order to ensure that there aren’t conflicting views that could possibly be damaging towards another team. But quite often it cannot be prevented. On the morning of September 5, 1972, the members of the Israeli delegation awoke in their quarters in the Olympic village to the desperate cries of wrestling referee Joseph Gottfreund. Eight Arab commandos (from the Palestinian terrorist organization Black September)†¦show more content†¦A new plan was put into effect. West German officials started to focus their time on getting the Arabs and their hostages out of the Olympic Village. This would allow German sharpshooters to put some control over the commandos. This seemed like a better alternative a pose to storming the compound and dangering the lives of the Israeli hostages and other athletes. Negotiations lasted until shortly after 9:00 p.m. The West Germans has successfully persuaded the Arab commandos to leave the compound with their hostages. The commandos agreed to leave on a flight to an Arab country together with their hostages. They made their was towards the Furstenfeldbruck military airport, a fifteen mile trek away from Munich. The Arab commandos anticipated that something could threaten their plans. In order to control their hostages they split them up into two groups and tied and blindfolded them. They were also aware of two potential traps the West Germans had set for them. The sharpshooters were placed along the path the Arab commandos had to walk their hostage’s two helicopters that had flown them from Munich to a waiting jet. The nine Israeli sportsmen were led out handcuffed to each other to two helicopters, which were to fly them to the airport. This was the only opportunity the West Germans had to prevent the Arabs from leaving the country. As the first group of Arabs and hostages walked toShow MoreRelatedTerrorism in the Olympics Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism and Security in the Olympics Security is a fundamental notion in sports. Nowadays athletes are viewed often through the media, therefore they are recognizable. In the Olympics security measures must be taken to protect the athletes. There are many different nationalities involved therefore security has to be taken in order to ensure that there arent conflicting views that could possibly be damaging towards another team. But quite often it cannot be prevented. On the morning ofRead MoreWas the Security Prepared for the London 2012 Olympics?816 Words   |  4 PagesLondon Olympics were held at the Olympic Park in East London from Friday, July 27, 2012 to Sunday, August 12, 2012. The Olympics have been held in London two times before the 2012 Olympics, once in 1908 and once in 1948 (Scott). Over 10,500 athletes participated from over 204 countries, over 120,000 people were going to the Olympic Park every day to watch the Olympics. Over 302 medal events were being held, with three swimmers being the top medalists in the 2012 London Olympics (â€Å"Olympics†). ThereRead MoreA Paper on Britains Security Position1337 Words   |  5 Pagespolitics and how this is set to change over the next decade. This briefing paper will concentrate and focus on Britains Security Position. Today, Britain faces a different and more complex range of threats from a myriad of sources. These include terrorism, cyber-attack, unconventional attacks using chem ical, nuclear or biological weapons, as well as large scale accidents or natural hazards. In this briefing paper, we will discuss what Britains distinctive role should be in the coming years, the futureRead MoreThe World Shook With Terror1593 Words   |  7 Pagesa group of eight Palestinian terrorists killed two Israeli Olympic team members and took nine hostage, during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany. Prior to the hostage crisis, the games had run smoothly and were into their second week of competition. The games were used to present a new identity of democracy and optimism for Germany. This was the first-time Germany had been allowed to host the games since the 1936 Berlin Olympics, which still loomed in international sporting arena and raisedRead MoreThe 2016 Olympic Games1576 Words   |  7 Pages2016 Olympic Games will be held in Rio de Janeiro in August from the 5th to the 21st at 32 different venues. The soccer matches will be held at the stadiums in Sao Paulo, Salvador, Belo Horizonte and Brasilia from August the 3rd to through to the 20th. In July, the Brazilian police arrested and detained 12 people who were suspected of planning an ISIS – inspired attack. There has not been any public disclosure about a credible plot on the Olympic games. Throughout the duration of the Olympic gamesRead MoreRisk Management At Rio Olympics 2016 Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pageslong-awaited decision of making Rio de Janeiro the host of the 2016 Olympic Games with tremendous excitement. Although Rio’s fantastic natural beauty added to its attraction in hosting the games, its alarming rates of public health and security issues immediately triggered worldwide criticism. This makes the stakes very high when hosting the Olympic Games. This paper examines the process of risk assessment and risk response in relation Rio Olympics 2016. The paper explores the consensus that Brazilians willRead More The Olympic Games in Munich of 1972 Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"No kind of demonstration or political, religious or racial propaganda is permitted in any Olympic sites, venues or other areas† (Advertising, Demonstrations, Propaganda* 98). This rule shows just what the Germans were hoping for, a peaceful, passive, war-free environment in which countries can get together and compete. Although we all know that quite the antithesis was upon the 1972 Olympics in Munich between September the fifth and September the sixth. The Munich Massacre, one of the worstRead MoreThe Olympics s Impact On The Olympic Arena1243 Words   |  5 Pagessince its inception in 1896, the Modern Olympics has hosted an invisible sport: politics. The Olympics calls for â€Å"a halt to all conflicts †¦ [and to] strive towards a more peaceful world,† but politics soon spoiled its biennial message. â€Å"As the Olympics continue to dissolve into †¦ a political competition †¦ they no longer †¦ justify the time and trouble,† Dave Anderson, Pulitzer Prize winner for his sports column, wrote in the New York Times in 1984. The Olympic spirit has routinely been used as an outletRead MoreTerrorists in the 1972 Munich Olympic Games1241 Words   |  5 PagesOn September fifth, 1972, the terrorist group, Black September, took nine Israeli athletes hostage during the 1972 Munich Olympic Games. Black September was a small group of Palestinian militants, almost unknown to the world before the Munich Games. The group belonged to the PLO, or the Palestinian Liberation Organization. The origin of Black September’s anger goes back to the long-lasting conflict between the Palestinians and the Israelis, which dates back thousands of years . Black September hadRead MoreThe Munich Massacre : A Survivor s Story1487 Words   |  6 PagesInternational sporting events continually face political terrorism, bringing fear to those who gathered for entertainment. According to articles published in the Guardian, Time Magazine, and CNN, the most detrimental disruption by politics in the Olympics occurred at the 1972 Germany Summer Games. On 5 September 1972, the Palestinian group Black September broke into the Israeli athletes’ quarters armed with guns. The 21 hour standoff, more famously known as the Munich massacre, resulted in 17 deaths

Wireless Networks and Security Wired Network - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWireless Networks and Security Wired Network. Answer Introduction Wireless communication technology can be defined as the modern option to the traditional wired network [3]. All the wired networks eventually rely on the cables that are utilized for the successful connection between the digital devices. However, the wireless networks do not rely on any wire or cables. It is completely free from the wires and hence termed as wireless in nature. All the wireless technologies are utilized in house as well as business computers for the purpose of various utilizations [11]. There are several important advantages of these wireless technologies. They are responsible for reducing the overall cost of the networks and thus are used by all. The various types of wireless network technologies mainly include Bluetooth, wireless fidelity, 3rd generation communication, 4th generation communication, home automation standards and many more [5]. The following report will be providing a detailed description on the wireless networking and its concepts. All the wireless technologies provide advantages of mobility to the users. This report will be focusing on a precise comparison between the various wireless technologies and thus providing all the details related to wireless communication. Moreover, a proper evaluation will also be done on the standards of wireless communication for CPS as well as IoT. Proper justification will be provided on the best technology. Discussion Comparison of 3 Wireless Communication Technologies The comparison of 3 important wireless communication technologies is given below: Main Factors Satellite communication Technology Wireless Fidelity Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access i) Communication Spectrum There are several communication spectra in satellite [7]. There are six bands in satellite that are L-band, S-band, C-band, X-band, Ku-band and Ka-band. The frequency spectra are 1-2 GHz, 2-4 GHz, 4-8 GHz, 8-12 GHz, 12-18 GHz and 26-40 GHz. Eight protocols are present with their own frequency spectrum. They are IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11ad, IEEE 802.11af, and IEEE 802.11ah. the spectra are 5 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, 60 GHz, below 1 GHz and 700 MHz [1]. Two protocols of WiMax are present [14]. They are IEEE 802.16e and IEEE 802.16d. Frequencies are 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz in IEEE 802.16e and 3.5 GHZ and 5.8 GHz for IEEE 802.16d. ii) Modulation Techniques Three techniques are present. They are OQPSK or orthogonal quadrature phase shift keying, BPSK or binary phase key shifting and QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying [12]. The modulation techniques for the wireless fidelity are QPSK or Quadrature Phase Shift Keying and CCK or complementary coded keying [3]. The modulation techniques for the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access are 16 QAM, 64 QAM 64 quadrature amplitude modulation, BPSK and QPSK. iii) Medium Access Control Mechanism Protocols for MAC are TDMA or time division multiple access and FDMA or frequency division multiple access [13]. The medium access control mechanism of the wireless fidelity depends on the specifications of IEEE 802.11. The protocols of MAC within the WiMax are eventually used with the purpose to fulfil every connection of point to multipoint [8]. iv) Network Technologies Three topologies: point to point topology, hybrid topology and switched topology. Two topologies: Mesh topology and black-haul topology [3]. Three topologies: bridge topology, AP based topology and point to multipoint topology. Evaluation of 9 Wireless Communication Standards for CPS and IoT The standards, supporting the several important levels of communication are referred to as the wireless communication standards. Several kinds of such standards are present in networking [2]. The enhancement or advancement of these standards is important for the wireless networking field. The detailed evaluation of the several wireless communication standards are provided below: i) UHF RFID and NFC: This type of RFID reader comprises of the ultra high frequency and is responsible for providing network of the higher frequency level [14]. For the Internet of Things or IoT, the acquisition of data is eventually checked for the purpose of meeting all the requirements. The layer of perception with the Internet of Things needs various practical requirements that need to fulfil. Since, power consumption of the ultra high frequency RFID is lower than the rest; it has the core capability in doing so. For the CPS or cyber physical systems, each and every computational entity combines with any physical system [1]. UHF RFID is the type for CPS as all the controlling elements or storage functions remain within this network. NFC or the Near Field Communications is the proper group of various protocols that are being used for the purpose of communication and thus allowing the most safe as well as secured communication amongst them. The only limitation in this network is that without smart phones, it is not possible to use this [4]. When this is integrated with IoT, security is explicitly higher than the rest and also becomes more convenient. When, NFC is integrated with CPS, any cyber attack like relay attacks or eavesdropping are solved. ii) ZigBee and Z-Wave: ZigBee protocol when integrated with the Internet of Things helps to give high security and privacy. This type of integration is done through the gateways of this protocol [6]. Stability is also obtained in IoT. Moreover, due to the presence of a low power microcontroller and low power consumption, ZigBee is responsible is giving high security to cyber physical systems. Another important standard of the wireless networking is Z-Wave. Mesh network is present here and it reduces the complexities of the wireless networking. Low energy radio waves are present here, hence reducing the consumption of energy [10]. The power of IoT is from IoT. The coverage area is huge here. For cyber physical systems, Z-Wave is used in various domains like medical field or robotics. Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy: Various data transfers are possible in this particular wireless network with lowest data consumption. The disadvantage of this network is that the distance coverage is lower [3]. Within IoT, easy or simple communication is present and in CPS, Bluetooth is being connected with every device. Bluetooth 4.0 or Bluetooth low energy is the perfect combination of wireless networking and ICT. House alerting system is the most basic type of Bluetooth 4.0 with the integration of IoT and various crimes are mitigated with this [8]. For the case of cyber physical systems, Bluetooth low energy connects with all the slave microcontrollers and master systems. iv) Cellular Systems: These types of systems are known as the cell networks, used for communication purpose. With the Internet of Things, cellular systems are referred to as Cellular IoT or CIoT. Various technologies like NB-IoT, EC-GSM IoT or LTE-M are the proper examples of cellular internet of things [12]. The access of radio is extremely easy with this. For the CPS, any cellular system is referred to as mobile cyber physical system or cell phone. These are then utilized to provide various radios of communication and even intelligent applications. v) IEEE 802.11p: It is the approved addition to the standard of IEEE 802.11 to WAVE or wireless access in vehicular environments. The definition of this wireless standard is that it is required for supporting the ITS or intelligent transportation systems applications [1]. It provides vehicular communication, when integrated with Internet of Things and for CPS, smart transportation is the application. vi) LPWAN: Low Power Wide Area Network or simply LPWAN is the type of WAN communication with extremely longer range of coverage. With the integration of Internet of Things, the various networks are Ingenu, Weightless SIG and Sigfox [5]. Cost effectiveness is the most important feature. In case of Cyber physical systems, high coverage network connection is provided. Selection of Wireless Technology based on Performance The best selected network on the basis of the cyber physical system and internet of things is UHF RFID. Since, the bandwidth and frequency is higher than the remaining; this is considered as the best network after proper evaluation. Therefore, UHF RFID should be utilized. Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion, conclusion can be drawn that wireless networking is the most significant requirement in the field of networking and its concepts. Wireless networking provides several important advantages to the society by its features and characteristics. It provides the major advantage of freedom to move. Since, no wires are involved in the case; any user can easily utilize this particular network by moving the devices from anywhere and at anytime. Moreover, the securities of this type of network are explicitly higher and thus the users are extremely dependent on this network. The other advantages of this type of network involve being convenient, which refers to the fact that the resources could be easily accessed within the area of coverage of the network. The collaboration is also high in this network and hence complexity is removed. This report has eventually described the various wireless communication technologies with a proper comparison between them. The comparison is done on the basis of their communication spectrum, network topologies, modulation techniques and MAC. Evaluation is also done on various wireless technologies for the internet of things and cyber physical systems. References [1] Burg, Andreas, Anupam Chattopadhyay, and Kwok-Yan Lam. "Wireless Communication and Security Issues for CyberPhysical Systems and the Internet-of-Things."Proceedings of the IEEE106, no. 1 (2018): 38-60. [2] Andrews, Jeffrey G., Xinchen Zhang, Gregory D. Durgin, and Abhishek K. Gupta. "Are we approaching the fundamental limits of wireless network densification?."IEEE Communications Magazine54, no. 10 (2016): 184-190. [3] Dey, Kakan Chandra, Anjan Rayamajhi, Mashrur Chowdhury, Parth Bhavsar, and James Martin. "Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication in a heterogeneous wireless networkPerformance evaluation."Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies68 (2016): 168-184. [4] Xiao, Yang, ed.Security in sensor networks. CRC Press, 2016. [5] Pathan, Al-Sakib Khan, ed.Security of self-organizing networks: MANET, WSN, WMN, VANET. CRC press, 2016. [6] Zhou, Xiangyun, Yan Zhang, and Lingyang Song.Physical layer security in wireless communications. Crc Press, 2016. [7] Zhao, Nan, F. Richard Yu, Ming Li, Qiao Yan, and Victor CM Leung. "Physical layer security issues in interference-alignment-based wireless networks."IEEE Communications Magazine54, no. 8 (2016): 162-168. [8] Chen, Yuang, and Thomas Kunz. "Performance evaluation of IoT protocols under a constrained wireless access network." InSelected Topics in Mobile Wireless Networking (MoWNeT), 2016 International Conference on, pp. 1-7. IEEE, 2016. [9] Shin, Seungwon, Lei Xu, Sungmin Hong, and Guofei Gu. "Enhancing network security through software defined networking (SDN)." InComputer Communication and Networks (ICCCN), 2016 25th International Conference on, pp. 1-9. IEEE, 2016. [10] Liyanage, Madhusanka, Ahmed Bux Abro, Mika Ylianttila, and Andrei Gurtov. "Opportunities and challenges of software-defined mobile networks in network security."IEEE Security Privacy14, no. 4 (2016): 34-44. [11] Mahgoub, Imad, and Mohammad Ilyas.Sensor network protocols. CRC press, 2016. [12] Sarkar, Subir Kumar, T. G. Basavaraju, and C. Puttamadappa.Ad hoc mobile wireless networks: principles, protocols, and applications. CRC Press, 2016. He, Debiao, Sherali Zeadally, Neeraj Kumar, and Jong-Hyouk Lee. "Anonymous authentication for wireless body area networks with provable security."IEEE Systems Journal11, no. 4 (2017): 2590-2601. [13] He, Debiao, Sherali Zeadally, Neeraj Kumar, and Jong-Hyouk Lee. "Anonymous authentication for wireless body area networks with provable security."IEEE Systems Journal11, no. 4 (2017): 2590-2601. [14] Makimoto, Mitsuo, and Sadahiko Yamashita.Microwave resonators and filters for wireless communication: theory, design and application. Vol. 4. Springer Science Business Media, 2013.

Manganese Essays - Manganese, Spiegeleisen, Ferromanganese

Manganese Hi, I am Manganese. I am an element discovered in 1774 by the Swedish chemist Johan Gottlieb Gahn. My symbol was devised, coincidentally, by taking the first and third letters in the word manganese. My atomic number is 25, my atomic mass is 54.938, and my density is 7.2. I melt at 1245? C and then in turn I boil at 1962? C. A fact about my ionization energy currently escapes me, but I do have some uses and interesting facts in the rest of the paper. I am used as an antioxidant nutrient, I activate important enzymes that are needed in digestion, and I am the 12th most abundant element in the earth's crust. And now I will switch into a third person perspective because I am bored of talking in the first. Manganese is a silvery, brittle metallic element that is used to strengthen alloys with armor. Manganese metal corrodes in moist air and dissolves in acid. Pure manganese can be obtained by electrolyzing manganese sulfate or by igniting pyrolusite. The free state of the metal only occurs in meteors, but it is found in ores all over the earth, predominantly in Ukraine, Georgia, and South Africa. The alloys which are made with manganese are usually used in steelmaking, are ferromanganese, and spiegeleisen. Manganese dioxide (pyrolusite) is used in dry-cell batteries, paint, varnish oils, coloring glass, ceramics, and in preparing chlorine and iodine. Other forms of manganese are used as oxidizers, disinfectants, and as a depolarizer.

Economics Essays - Unemployment, News Media, Mass Media, Economy

Economics Essays - Unemployment, News Media, Mass Media, Economy Economics Discussion Board 1The recession of 2007-2009 has impacted many industries, but few have been hit as hard as the newspaper industry. From a loss of subscribers to a loss in advertising revenue, print newspapers are experiencing economic change unlike any other time in history. Last year, Denver?s Rocky Mountain News stopped publishing in February, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer ceased printing their publication and converted to an online-only format in March (and in the process, laid off 145 of their 165 employees), McClatchy Co., owner of the Miami Herald, announced in March it was cutting 1,600 jobs and reduce wages throughout the company, and even the venerable New York Times made a deal to sell its share of its headquarters and lease it back, raising a much needed $225 million in the process. These are just a few of the many examples of hard times in this industry. Why do you think the newspaper industry has been hit so hard? What sources do you use to get news? Why? Do you subscribe to a local paper, and if so, do you receive a print copy or receive it electronically How have changes in the news industry affected unemployment? Discuss how changes in this industry have resulted in not only cyclical unemployment, but also frictional and structural unemployment. Statistically 168 million adults read a newspaper in print or online in the past 7 days and 112 million adults read a printed newspaper on Sunday mornings. But in today's society as young teens and kids get older, they do not have the habit or the desire to read the newspaper. In the recent years, the popularity of the world wide web has increased and any sort of information has been made computer friendly. 57% of consumers use newspaper websites for local online information and 75 million visitors have been to a newspaper website in the last month. Personally speaking, i would prefer to use and read the news online from my laptop. It is just simply quicker and easier to use. Most websites whether it be msn news, yahoo new, or google news can all be found just a click away. Not only are different newspapers only a click away but also they are free. A well experienced web user can find most information for free online. Because of this i do not and would not subscribe to a local paper. Newspaper websites are number 1 in 22 of the top 25 markets. As the online industry continues to rise, the news industry begins to fall and unemployment rate also increases due to the decrease in demand for workers for newspaper printing. Not only is it cyclical unemployment but also frictional unemployment because as the industry falls, newspaper workers will have a need to search for a new job which pays more in order to support him/herself. This is also structural unemployment because when searching for a new job, different skills are requir ed, and in the newspaper industry your skills are limited and so finding a new job may be quite impossible.

9 Super-Tricky Job Interview Questions and How to Answer Them

9 Super-Tricky Job Interview Questions and How to Answer Them You’ve done a lot of interview prep already and you’re feeling pretty ready. But you’re still dreading the questions you haven’t prepped for- or the really tricky ones that seem perfectly simple, but have multiple strategic layers designed to get at something subtle. Don’t get tripped up or surprised by the following tricky questions- prepare your answers now so you’re calm, cool, and collected on your interview day.1. â€Å"Why did you leave?†Mostly tricky if you just got fired or quit soon after starting. Easy enough to answer if you lost your job as a part of a restructuring or layoff; just be honest there. Otherwise, be as transparent as possible and try to give answers about things that were out of your control (lack of growth opportunity or challenge, etc.). And restrain yourself from saying anything negative about the company or your former boss.2. â€Å"What’s your salary requirement?†Remember: loser speaks first. Try to avoid being the first person to say a hard number in this situation. Pivot if you can and do your best to get them to throw out a number first. If you must give a direct answer, make sure you have a good sense of what sort of salary range would be appropriate for you and start there. Make sure the bottom is no lower than your current salary or the low end of their advertised range.3. â€Å"How did you hear about the position?†You might be thinking: why do they want to know this? But remember, most hirers like referrals and it’s all about who you know. They’re trying to figure out who you might already know at the organization. They want to know whether you’re a champion networker, up on all the latest industry intel. Try to find an elegant answer to this question that isn’t just â€Å"uh†¦ I found it on a web search?†4. â€Å"What is your greatest professional achievement?†You get a chance to go into one accomplishment in depth here and really sell yourself. Try to load in plenty of quantifiable and verifiable detail into your answer. Back up any claims of your own greatness. But  don’t go overboard with the self-praise- humility might also be something they are looking for.5. â€Å"Where do you see yourself in 5 years?†They want to know first and foremost that you have a career vision for yourself. They also want to know if you’re so obsessed with finding a path up that you’ll be taking the first path out. Strike a balance between assuring them you’re keen to be a loyal contributor to the company for the long haul, and showing your ambition. Enthusiasm for the company itself will go a long way here, particularly if you feel you’re a great fit for their work culture and could see yourself advancing internally.6. â€Å"What’s with the gap in your employment?†You should be ready for this question if there are gaps in your employment. Be honest and succinct. Make sure to mention any volunteering or education that could earn you extra points. And be passionate about explaining any career changes, taking extra care to mention how your unique skills translate perfectly to this job.7. â€Å"Are you hoping to start a family?†Questions about your marital status and plans to have children are illegal, but you will occasionally be asked. Pivot from this answer as quickly as you can. Say something like: you’re really more focused on your career at the moment and very interested about this fascinating part of the company’s work†¦ is there more they could tell you about that?8. â€Å"Do you like to work on your own or as part of a team?†Both. You like both. Explain how great you are at both. Don’t let yourself get pigeonholed here, because you’ll never know when they’re looking for a self-starter they don’t have to worry about, or a true team player for a more collaborative environment.9. â€Å"Do you have any questions for us?†Interviews are supposed to be more of a two-way street than an interrogation. You will be asked if you have any questions and you will need to have a few. Even if most of your questions have been answered in the course of the interview, have one or two things you could ask. When in doubt, try: â€Å"What’s your favorite thing about working here?† And give your interviewer a chance to talk about herself and the company while you regroup.

'Childrens rights are equal and indivisible. Discuss in relation to Essay

'Childrens rights are equal and indivisible. Discuss in relation to the experience of girls in any country of your choice - Essay Example nited Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) was established in 1989 to protect the welfare of children below 18 years of age against child prostitution or pornography. (CRIN, 2008) Together with UNICEF (2006), the said convention also promotes gender equality by protecting all children from being discriminated due to physical disability or poverty. In fact, governments that are members of UNCRC are required to ensure that children will live a healthy living. Despite the implementation of human rights treaty, sexual violence and lack of educational opportunity for girls who were born from poor families remain a serious socio-economic problem in most developing countries. For this study, the researcher will examine the actual condition of children’s right in sub-Saharan Africa. South Africa is a large country that experiences a huge income inequality wherein 37% of non-urban households headed by women belongs to the 20% of the poorest in the country. (Maharaj, 1999) Based on EFA Global Monitoring Report (2008, p. 4), the provision of pre-primary education for children aged 3 and above remains inadequate in sub-Saharan Africa. In fact, poor families seldom receive proper early childhood care and education programmes necessary for their health and nutrition as well as their cognitive development. Due to financial difficulties, only 86 girls per 100 boys and 79 girls out of 100 boys are able to enrolled in primary and secondary school respectively as of 2002. (United Nations, 2005) For this reason, 59% of 31,135 women between the age bracket of 15 to 24 are illiterates. (UNESCO, 2004) As a result of inequalities in education opportunity in sub-Saharan Africa, most women are not able to access the high salary employment. (United Nations, 2005) Only few women could get paid and regular jobs that provides them minimum financial security as well as limited social benefits. In most cases, 84% of women are informally employed in non-agricultural

Online Recipe and Meal Planner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7000 words

Online Recipe and Meal Planner - Essay Example This info is useful for people who are on a diet and want to control the calories they receive. The manager or administrator is the person who controls the content of the website by adding/editing and removing the information. The administrator also keeps control of other aspects of a website like hosting, databases and technical support. The system is a web application and uses web server technologies. In includes a database (MS Access 2007) that stores the meal recipe, ingredient and costs and a web interface (Asp.net and C#) that interacts with the database. The final system will have to be uploaded on a real server however in the development and testing process it can be implemented on a local machine and using a virtual web server created by a development tool like Microsoft Visual Studio 2005. Once the development and testing has been successful, it can be uploaded on an actual server for all the internet users to use. The structure of database has to be designed in a way to comply with issues like data integrity. So the main focus has to be on the relational database and normalisation. Making sure that the query, insert, update and delete commands operate correctly, otherwise that could lead to a loss of data integrity. The reliability of this system will be achieved when all the tables in the relational database are of Third Normal Form (3NF). The reason is that most 3NF tables in relational databases are free of insertion, deletion and update anomalies. There are many different software development techniques used/employed when software is being developed.

Living on Your Own Essay Example for Free

Living on Your Own Essay Living on your own doesnt seem to be a big deal in the beginning. Despite all the disadvantages of living on your own the benefits of it are far greater. While living on your own you can develop important life skills such as time management and greater responsibility, which will lead to a more mature stage of life. When this stage of life is achieved you can decide what and how you want to live the rest of your life. When it comes to the point of living away from your parents house a big door to freedom is opened up where there is nobody except yourself and a lot of time and things you can play with. Privacy is perhaps one of the most important things you receive when you are living on your own. Coming home from work or school to find there is nobody sitting watching a TV program you do not like or someone trying to force you to eat when you are not hungry. Also there will be nobody there to annoy you with their questions or their whole day in detail on a daily basis. On top of the privacy issue most young people these days are complaining that there is someone pushing on them for their time management. If you are living on your own this problem will virtually cease to exist. You have to decide when the rime comes to do your homework, eat, sleep, go to school or go to work. It seems if you have all that freedom nobody can stop you from doing whatever you want when you want except for you. This is great as long as you manage your time well and dont just end up partying all the time, but also have time for school and work things will be great. Another great thing about living on your own is that it is very challenging and adventurous. Great opportunities come around every day which you can take advantage of. The best thing about it is even if the opportunity you had fails you dont feel embarrassed in front of anybody but yourself. It is obviously better when things work out for you and you feel very proud of yourself because you did it by yourself. In conclusion There are many great more advantages to living on your own than  not. By having total freedom, not having people push on you and making your descisions for you and you have the advantage of learning about life on your own. By lving on your own you will face the biggest challenge in your life. It is human nature to strike out on your own and live independently.

History of Hearing Aids Essays -- Sound Deaf

The story of the hearing aid depicts one of the most ridiculous timelines of technological advancements in all of history. Although we modernly think of a â€Å"hearing aid† as a small device which is inserted into the ear canal, the reality is that a hearing aid is â€Å"an apparatus that amplifies sound and compensates for impaired hearing.† Thus, I invite you to expand your mind, and draw your attention to the intriguing, and absolutely absurd, timeline of the hearing aid. The most common model of the ancestral hearing aid is that of the simple ear trumpet. This was a small, pipe-looking device which was carved from either bull’s horn or seashell, and was held up to the ear in order to amplify sound. The audible result of such would have been much like cupping your hand around your ear. The next advancement, used in the late 1700s and the early 1800s, was that of the acoustic throne. As these were quite costly to make and buy, they were typically used for royalty and other elites. The arms of the chair were hollow, with a long tube connected to a resonator located wit... History of Hearing Aids Essays -- Sound Deaf The story of the hearing aid depicts one of the most ridiculous timelines of technological advancements in all of history. Although we modernly think of a â€Å"hearing aid† as a small device which is inserted into the ear canal, the reality is that a hearing aid is â€Å"an apparatus that amplifies sound and compensates for impaired hearing.† Thus, I invite you to expand your mind, and draw your attention to the intriguing, and absolutely absurd, timeline of the hearing aid. The most common model of the ancestral hearing aid is that of the simple ear trumpet. This was a small, pipe-looking device which was carved from either bull’s horn or seashell, and was held up to the ear in order to amplify sound. The audible result of such would have been much like cupping your hand around your ear. The next advancement, used in the late 1700s and the early 1800s, was that of the acoustic throne. As these were quite costly to make and buy, they were typically used for royalty and other elites. The arms of the chair were hollow, with a long tube connected to a resonator located wit...

Ghost dances By Christopher Bruce Essay

Ghost dances was created in 1981. The performance was choreographed by Christopher Bruce. The piece explores the human rights of the people of chille and the depression that the lack of human rights caused. The inspiration of the dance came from a letter that Christopher received from a widow of a Chilean folk singer, who was murdered. Christopher felt sympathetic towards the letter, and after being asked to do a production for the Chilean Human Rights Committee, and was given a lot of South American music with which he fell in love with. The dance also explores the cross over from dying to either heaven or hell. It takes place in limbo where re-enactments of citizen’s lives are performed before crossing over. The dance uses traditional folk movement as well as other snippets of genres such as Contemporary and Ballet. Throughout the performance lighting is used to accompany the movement to create certain atmospheres , for example in the beginning the three skeletal dancers are using quite strong eerie movement which represents the awakening of them, the lighting is a light blue which reflects against the backcloth and creates a moonlight which complements the movements. In contrast to this, when the dead people enter the stage the lighting becomes less dark and gloomy and more uplifting and bright, which then allows the audience to differentiate between the characters, this is called semiotics. There are 3 different classes of people among the civilians, the upper class, middle class and lower class. You can establish this by the costumes they are wearing. For example the upper class are wearing suits and fancy dresses whereas the lower class are wearing torn and damaged clothes, this shows social status even after death. The dynamic content of Ghost dances is very varied, some movements are soft and floaty such as the trio between the three female dancers, and others are more striking and large for example when the skeletal dancers take hold of the civilians and control them, this could represent the taking of their souls and the crossing over. It also shows a disruption to their community and reflects the idea of murder and terrible things happening to the poorer, common people such as fathers taken away from their families and shot or thrown away in cells and tortured to death. When they all dance in unison it  shows a community like culture and everyday life. When the community is first introduced they all enter in a dream like state as to show that they are quite oblivious for what is about to happen, this draws in the attention of the audience straight away. The fact that the dance ends in the repetition of this shows that they have all moved on and the skeletal dancers repeat the beginning phrase to show the ending of it all and the possibility of it to start over with a new lot of civilians. To conclude Christopher used many aspects to put across his interpretation on the tragedies that were occurring in chille. One of the biggest was his use of movement and structure of the piece. The structure of the dance allowed the introduction of the different classes of people and the effect it had on them. The use of costume enabled the audience to see the full extent of the movement and the style of the dance. In my opinion I think the choreography led me to interpret the performance as a crossing over from one world to another and using the snippets of their lives to put across the horror and torture of the civilians. I found myself drawn into the performance and felt a connection to the meaning behind the movement. The structure and subject matter helped convey the meaning so that it was easy to follow but didn’t force me to interpret the dance in just one specific way, but allowed me to create a story and plot of my own.

The Honda Corporate Strategy Case Study

With reference to the Honda case study and also drawing on other examples from the Critical Issues course, what are the key theoretical and methodological issues in drawing general lessons from case studies of success? History is subject to interpretation; so are business successes and failures. However ex-post justifications of the latter have proved more profitable. This essay explores the theoretical and methodological issues in drawing general lessons from case studies of success, with particular reference to Honda's successful penetration of the US market in the 1960s. This essay offers a critical theory and post – modernist approach. Critical theory questions the central features of such recipes for success, the historical and social contexts from which they emerged and the purposes and functions that it may serve. Post – modernism can be seen as an extension of critical theory but has added the dimension of power to knowledge and argues that the two are no separable [Foucault]. In 1946, the Honda Technical Research Institute was established by Sochiro Honda and his partner, Takeo Fujisawa. Having succesfully established itself in the Japanese market, Honda entered the US market in 1959. By 1960, its Supercub model was highly successful. They then created a highly effective as campaign based on â€Å"You Meet the Nicest People on a Honda†. By 1964, it has dominated almost half of the US market. Later in that year, it required cash on delivery of shipments. As Pascale (1996) says, â€Å"In one fell swoop, Honda shifted the power relationship from the dealer to the manufacturer.† Honda's success has been analysed and three distinct explanations for its success emerged:  · The most prominent is the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Report. The report states that Honda maximised experience curve economies – low costs at high production volumes. As a result, American and British motorcycle manufacturers withdrew from certain market segments.  · An interview with six Honda executives by Pascale, led to his conclusion that Honda was successful in Japan because superior design skills led to a better product. Honda was also seen has a ‘learning organisation' that adapted and responded quickly.  · Prahalad and Hamel introduced the concepts of strategic ‘intent', ‘stretch' and ‘core competence'. These they feel were the necessary factors for success. There are two competing views in strategy formulation: (1) the ‘planning' school, and (2) the learning school. For the ‘planners', strategy formulation is a deliberate, rational and linear process where ends are first specified. In this case, structure follows strategy. The ‘learning' school takes an adaptive and incremental approach. Strategy is a non-linear and complex process. Structure and strategy formulation are intertwined. Formulating recipes for success based on past success presumes that the future perfectly emulates the past. Common sense will tell us that this may not necessarily be true. Rhetoric will also infer the same. In a dynamic and competitive business environment, factors that affect an organisation will not be static. Consumers tastes change. In the Post-Industrial era, consumers were more affluent. Hence, they demanded more than a standardised product produced by mass-production. Firms had to change from a product oriented approach, of the ‘mass production era' to one that is market oriented [Ansoff, 1988]. Thus as Ansoff says, â€Å"†¦whenever the future environment is expected to be discontinuous, emulation of historical successes becomes dangerous†¦Ã¢â‚¬  [pp.135] A theory is formed ideas or concepts used to describe the world to better understand it. Ideas and concepts cannot be free from bias as they are conceived by people and people possess different ideologies, values, interests and preferences. What purpose does it serve? A theory is devised to serve certain purposes and functions. Theories on strategy are formulated, to a certain extent, to keep management consultants employed. There is a need to question the validity of such theories and the methodology employed to apply them. BCG's business portfolio analysis makes what is widely known as the ‘experience curve' assumption. This states that the costs of production should go down with cumulative physical output. Thus, the report reasons that because Honda has already achieved high production volumes in Japan, it had a cost advantage. But were Honda's production costs low because of high volume or because of it employed production methods that were more sophisticated? It also assumes that a business is a cash system, that is its cash flows depend on relative market share and industry growth rate. This allows the classification of businesses or products into four categories a ‘star', a ‘cash cow', a ‘dog' and a ‘?'. It assumes that the classification is relevant and applies to all business. Under these two assumptions, its strategic analysis and recommendations will be valid. However, as all models, it self-selects the kind of data that is compatible with it – in this case return on investment (ROI) and cash flows. The main problem with this approach lies with its narrow classification scheme, which may not capture the entire picture, such as the uniqueness and problems of a business [Mitroff]. ROI and cash flows represent only the financial dimension of a company. Other factors such as technology, reputation and life of the organisation have to be taken into account.

Industrialization essays

Industrialization essays a. Why were the Indians treated so unjustly? (12) The American settlers greed was the basis for the injustice forced upon the Indians. At first the Americans simply wanted the land that could be used to grow or create products. Then the Indians were viewed as hostile enemies. This was unfair because the Americans were too greedy to give the Indians the supplies they were promised; therefore, the Indians attacked. The Indians also attacked because the Americans put them on reservations so the settlers could have the rest of the land. The hunters of the West were also forced serious injustice on the Indians. They killed the buffalo by the millions for their hides. The buffalo were the Indians source of food, consequently the Indians were forced to move to reservations. b. Why was the evolving cattle industry so profitable? (10) The low cost and high output of the cattle industry made it extremely profitable. Buffalo grass, which grew year round and through droughts, grew on the Great Plains, which made it unnecessary for ranchers to buy food for the cattle. Cattle could be used as food or a labor force. They could also be sold to the Indians who had no choices for food because they were stuck on the reservations. Cattle could be raised cheaply in the Plains and sold to the railroad workers and the troops guarding the workers. c. Why did farmers and sheep ranchers create problems in the West? (12) d. Why was the railroad essential there? (10) The lack of natural resources, other than land, made railroads essential. There werent many trees in the West so would had to be sent by railroad to farmers and ranchers. Water was also a necessity for the settlers which could not be found easily. Railroads helped to supply them with this essential resource. Settlers could not find enough food during the winter, but the railroads could bring supplies for them. Farmers used the railroad to get their crops ...

Skin And Bones

Skin And Bones Skin And Bones Skin And Bones By Sharon There are a lot of idiomatic expressions in English relating to skin and bones. Here are a few examples. Bone idle – lazy. (Example: He never does anything; hes just bone idle.) Bone up – study. (Example: I need to bone up on history before the final exam.) By the skin of your teeth – barely. (Example: I caught the cab by the skin of my teeth. It was about to pull away.) Close to the bone – offensive, painful or personal. (Example: I get a bit uncomfortable with Bob, because his comments are always close to the bone.) Get under your skin – irritate or annoy. (Example: He is one of the most irritating people I know. He really gets under my skin.) Have a bone to pick – have a complaint. (Example: I have a bone to pick with you. You gave me the wrong directions to the concert and I missed the start. ) Jump out of your skin – to be shocked or surprised. (Example: When the serial killer appeared in the movie, I jumped out of my skin.) Make no bones – speak frankly. (Example: I make no bones about saying that the movie was terrible. ) No skin off my nose – it doesnt matter to me. (Example: Its no skin off my nose if youd rather be alone.) Save your skin – get away from a dangerous or unpleasant situation. (Example: The soldiers started to fire but I managed to save my skin by hiding in the bushes.) Skin and bones – very thin. (Example: She never gains weight. Shes just skin and bones.) The bare bones – the outline. (Example: The professor gave the students the bare bones of the topic and told them to read up on the rest. ) Work your fingers to the bone – work hard . (Example: While you went to the party, I worked my fingers to the bone tidying up the house.) Can you think of any to add? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Exquisite Adjectives3 Cases of Complicated HyphenationTypes of Ignorance

Renaissance Art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Renaissance Art - Research Paper Example The other monumental form of Gothic architectural style is the Bourges Cathedral in Bourges, France. The two works of art exhibits unique style and details, though similar in most ways, they also differ in many aspects, which forms the main basis and argument of this paper. Gothic style came into existence at around 1145 BC, a time when cathedral stylists were transforming from circular arches. The style was an expression and symbol of new faith growing out of medieval Christianity and mysticism (Monteith, nd) .Abbot Suger being the father of Gothic architecture had an intention of creating a church in honor of God by use of light to illuminate the building through tinted glasses. Suger knew that the beauty of the structure could in the mind of a viewer be viewed as symbolizing heaven. The tinted or colored glasses were considered to stand for precious gems. The two Cathedrals that depict Suger’s ideas are the Notre Dame de Chartres and Bourges Cathedrals. The Notre Dame de Ch artres Cathedral was build between 1146 and 1512 BC in France by Guy Nicot. Since the architectural style of the building is considered three dimensional, it was built with bearing stone and masonry. In the construction of Chartres Cathedral the masons used butters and vault style design. ... The Cathedral too had all its one hundred and seventy windows tinted. The tinted windows created a dark and rich colored interior with the balance between the light and the darkness giving a unique style illuminating the building. Other details of the Chartres Cathedral are Christ sculpture and pointed spires which were new design to Gothic architecture, with Chartres Cathedral mainly exhibiting this style. Like the Chartres Cathedral, the Bourges Cathedral portrayed most of the same designs and techniques. Being build between 1196 and 1250, Bourges Cathedral is a three dimensional building made from masonry and stone. Advanced techniques were employed through construction of sexpartite designs. The cathedral had two dimensional ribs and six bays for support, this contrasted with Chartres cathedral that had only four bays for support. The builders of Bourges Cathedral also used arcades and flying buttresses acting as arches in an innovative way to support the wall structures. Compari son of Bourges to Chartres Cathedral reveals that both structures had tinted windows with the Bourges’s windows having a design of hagiographic circles and stories of last judgment and the Old Testament (Ma?le, 1958). Both Cathedrals portrayed an expression of new faith growing out of medieval Christian mysticism and theology. Chartres cathedral was used for concerts, meetings and religious plays. It was the sole building that could hold large crowds and most importantly, it was a place of worship. Bourges Cathedral also was used as a place of worship and was dedicated to Saint Stephen. In the construction of both cathedrals, sculptures were used to symbolize mysticism and theology. Architects of the structures had a sole

Managerial report speech about workplace bullying Term Paper

Managerial report speech about workplace bullying - Term Paper Example More than a third of the employees in the US have been affected by work place bullying according to a study conducted by the Workplace bullying institute (Namie, 2008). Work place bullying is defined as the behavior that is aimed at making other employees feel offended or intimidated (Einarsen, Hoel, Zapf and Cooper, 2005). Examples of work place bullying includes unfair treatment, picking on one employee to do all the work, spreading malicious rumors, denying a particular worker promotion and training opportunities and undermining an experienced worker (Oade, 2009). It can happen by email, via phone, by letter or face to face. Employees are bullied for a number of reasons such as age, gender, sexual preference, disability and religion. Types of work place bullying There are different forms of bullying that cause unnecessary stress to the victims of bullying. Occurrences of bullying may lead to the overworking of employees to an extent of a physical breakdown, isolating them or makin g them quit working with the company (Lester, 2013). Various types of bullying are discussed below: i) Verbal abuse This involves the use of a words to inflict harm, attack, control, intimidate or verbally attack another person. In other words, it entails inflicting mental cruelty to employees in an attempt to demoralize them or force them take part in activities they are not willing to (Oade, 2009). ii) Work interference This is where an employee or the management gets in the way of the work of another employee through sabotage (Einarsen, Hoel, Zapf and Cooper, 2005). iii) Cyber bullying This is the most prevalent and modern way of bullying where offensive emails are sent to employees with the sole intention of offending them (Lester, 2013). Such emails have been known to contain offensive or sexual messages that offend the employees. iv) Regulation bullying This entails legal bullying which is one of the worst forms of bullying as it manipulates the law to bully the employees (Oad e, 2009). Companies identify the weakness in a particular litigation and use it to bully workers by making them work for longer hours or sign unfair contracts. v) Corporate bullying This is where employers take advantage of their employees owing to the facts that the litigation in a particular industry is weak and there is a scarcity of employment opportunities. For example, there are companies who force their employees to work for longer hours and dismiss those who object (Einarsen, Hoel, Zapf and Cooper, 2005). By employing employees on short- term contracts and those who object are fired. vi) Institutional bullying This is a form of bullying that is similar to corporate bullying. The only difference is that is that bullying has become a common practice in the organization such that it is a part of the organization’s culture (Oade, 2009). vii) Client bullying This is where employees are bullied by those they work for. For example, bankers or those in the service industry ar e bullied by their customers, social workers and nurses are bullied by their patients and families while teachers are bullied by students and parents. These are the major forms of workplace bullying that are common in the contemporary world (Einarsen, Hoel, Zapf and Cooper, 2005). Statics and supporting evidence on work place bullying The

Astronomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Astronomy - Essay Example If earth’s internal activities are related to solar energy, then other planets also should have such internal activities. â€Å"The earth grew from the accumulation of planetismals (meteorites and asteroids), over a period of 1-200 million years about 4.3 to about 4.5 billion years ago. All of the geological activity on the earth today is driven from this initial source of heat at the earths formation, aided and abetted by continued radioactive decay of elements in the earths interior.† (The Heat History of Earth) The construction of earth is not homogeneous and different parts of earth have different types of layers and even the materials are different at different locations on earth. For example the soil structure of India and that of America are entirely different. Earth is blessed with so many radioactive elements like Uranium, Radium, and Plutonium which are decaying continuously liberating huge amount of energy. More over these elements are not distributed uniformly on earth’s surface and even then earth’s internal activities are distributed evenly everywhere. So we can concl ude that the internal activity of earth is not because of radioactive decay of elements alone, but it was due to the initial source of heat at the earth’s formation also. It is an accepted fact that earth’s internal activity has risen in the recent past. It is evident from the increased number of earth quakes, and volcano eruption. Once the earth’s internal activities finished, there will be no more earth quakes, tidal waves and volcano eruption and the earth becomes cooled to alarming levels so that its biological activities will also be ended along with the geological activities. â€Å"There is much evidence that indicates geological vitality of a planet which has played a fundamental role in the development and evolution of life.† (Frias) It is evident from the fact that no other

Plato Justice Versus Injustice

Plato Justice Versus Injustice Plato, one of the famous philosophers of our time, tried to define the value of justice in his writing. In Republic, books one through four, Plato writes about a conversation Socrates and Thrasymachus had discussing justice. While Thrasymachus claims that injustice is more preferable to justice, Socrates tries to counter is claim through a series of five acceptable facts. The first acceptable fact says Every X has a specific function. True, if X did not have a function, it would not exist or have a name. If we argue that every X has a specific function then we can say that the functions were teleologically determined. Man-made things are made to carry out a certain function that the man decides (a watch to tell time), and even though man decides its function, they decide the objects teleological function. It can also be assumed that the first fact in Platos function argument is suggesting that every X has only one function. To counter this, one can also say that a certain object can have more than one function. For example, leathers primary function is to be the skin of an animal but it can also, be shoes, clothes, bags, or water bottles. Likewise, one can conclude that the first fact is correct but would sound more accurate if it was phrased Every X has some or one specific function. Socrates next acceptable fact in his argument is The virtue of every X allows it to perform its function well. Again this fact is implying that there is only one function every X can do well. Continuing on the leather example, of the many functions of the material, its best and primary function is to be the skin of an animal. Of course, when leather is made into objects we may say that its best when its made into clothing. For instance, leather shoes as oppose to plastic shoes perform their function well because they last longer. Another example is of a doctor and a pharmacist. Although doctors have been trained to make some medicines they are not experts at it, where as pharmacists have been trained to do just that-make medicines. Because of the kind of virtue or training they have, not only does it allow them to perform their function, but to perform it well. Moving on, Plato goes to say that The human soul has a specific function-to live, or to choose. Consequently, every moment of a humans life they are thinking what they should do to better their life? What will make me feel good right now, coffee or tea? Human instincts, to run or to sleep or to dodge hard situations, are all meant for one thing-to live or to exist. In any harsh situations their aim is to over come and solve the problem to keep living. For example, your profession is chosen by you because it makes you happy. These decisions you make now to keep living give you other chances to make other decisions to living more. The process goes on and on. To make the choice to be a doctor, you have to choose what the best school is and once you get your degree where you will work? Once the money starts coming in, what will you do with it? As one can see, each decision leads to a decision to make another. If the human souls specific function is to live or choose, this example of beco ming a doctor greatly illustrates this acceptable fact in Platos argument. Closely related to the last acceptable fact, the next one says The virtue of a human soul allows that human being to live well. This means that if every decision one makes is to make another, the other decision they expect to make is for something bigger and grander. Of course, everyone has their own definition of living well. To me, living well would be to have a comfortable home where I can fulfill my duties as a daughter, sister, mother, and wife with ease and no hiccups. Also, living well is to see my family happy and to help them in anyway possible without much difficulty; financially being able to meet anything that comes my way. In addition, then comes the topic of elegance. Would I care if my glass of water was made of real crystal with fifty six percent lead or that it was plain old glass? Would I care that the water inside the glass was pure or not? Although quality of life and living well go hand in hand the virtue of the human soul allows them to make the decisions to hav e that life, however they may define it. Justice is the proper virtue of the human soul. This part of the function is out of the blue and without anything bolstering it. How do we know that justice is the virtue and not something else? This fact is also implying that humans are born with this virtuethat humans are born with the sense of justice in them. When justice is finally defined in the 4th book of The Republic it says that justice is the proper ordering of parts, that justice is the harmonious order. My question is what is harmonious to you? People have different views of harmony, different view on how to live life or what is right and wrong. For example, in the story Gullivers Travels, Gulliver, an explorer, comes across a savage race (in his opinion) he calls the Yahoos. The Yahoos are a tribe that rarely dress and eat uncooked meat but still they are happy in their ways of living for they have not make an effort to change. We may call their dress style poor and their food nasty but they may consider themselves elit e. In this example, Justice is more an opinion then fact which varies among people. People value Justice in their own way and find ways for it to fit their lifestyle. Furthermore, if the Yahoos and our kind co-existed, there would be a conflict because of our differing views of justice an injustice. If this happened, hypothetically, we would have to come to a compromise where we both redefine our justice system to fit our situations. With relation to redefining the system, if justice can be changed so fast is it really a virtue of the human soul? Despite that I do not completely agree with Socrates that justice is the virtue of the human soul, we can take this as a presumption to explain the rest of the argument. Considering the presumption above, the next acceptable fact says that a just soul allows a human being to live well. In addition, a just soul must be a person who has the perspective of good and bad and has been taught to tell the difference. Moreover, they should be someone who has been warned of the dangers of injustice. This warned and just soul allows a person to live well. Why live well? Because the person knows what is right and wrong and will make choices in the direction of gaining something good. And if Justice has been planted in their brain then the person will only make decisions to get good thus, be good. If a person is just and they know justice then the last phrase No one would prefer to live badly over living well is obvious. If justice has been planted into the brain and the function of a human is to live well and justice is the virtue of the human soul then this person has no way they would want to live badly. If a person has never been taught to blow bubbles because it was bad, no one would be taught to do it, hence blowing bubbles would not exist. Clearly, if one is taught to do something the right way all their life, they will continue to only go the right way. Through a series of acceptable facts and deductive reasoning Socrates comes to a conclusion that justice is preferred over injustice. If justice is good living and living good is in the human soul then injustice will not be preferred over justice. We were never taught to get injustice but to always run away from it to justice-getting the good world and avoiding the bad.

Thomas Edison :: essays research papers

Thomas Alva Edison Thomas Edison could probably be properly called Mr. Electricity because of the many inventions and millions of dollars that he used and invested with electricity. From the invention of the light bulb, to the invention of the phonograph Thomas Edison made electricity a reality for the masses. And one of his greatest influences was from his Father a very positive man. A long with the great influence he had upon Americans and the world. He sparked the movement of today’s computer ran world. Thomas Edison was born February 11, 1847 in Milan, Ohio. He was the seventh and last child of Samuel Edison, Jr. and Nancy Elliot Edison. His parents had no special mechanical background. His mother was a former schoolteacher; his father was a jack-of-all-trades - from running a grocery store to real estate. When Thomas was seven years old, his family moved to Port Huron, Michigan. He was a very curious child who asked a lot of questions. "Edison began school in Por t Huron, Michigan when he was seven. His teacher, the Reverend G. B. Engle considered Thomas to be a dull student."(Allen pg. 22) Thomas especially did not like math. And he asked too many questions. The story goes that the teacher whipped students who asked questions. After three months of school, the teacher called Thomas, "addled". Thomas was pissed. The next day, Nancy Edison brought Thomas back to school to talk with Reverend Engle. The teacher told his mother that Thomas couldn't learn. Nancy also became angry at the teacher's strict ways. "She took Thomas out of school and decided to home-school him."(Allen pg. 34) It appears he briefly attended two more schools. However, his school attendance was not very good. So nearly all his childhood learning took place at home. Edison's parents loved to read. They read to him works of good literature and history. They had many books that young Tom eagerly devoured. Before he was 12, he had read work s by Dickens and Shakespeare, Edward Gibbon's Fall of the Roman Empire and Decline, and more. Nancy Edison encouraged her curious son to learn things for himself. His parents were dedicated to teaching their children. They did not force him to learn about things he didn't enjoy. So he learned about things that interested him the most. When Thomas was nine Nancy Edison gave him an elementary science book. It explained how to do chemistry experiments at home.

People Attend College for Many Different Reasons Essay

Although people attend college or school for many different reasons, one of the most common reason for people to attend a college is for a career preparation. Although we have new experiences and also gain knowledge by attending a college or university, those are not the primary reasons for people attending a college because we can also get new experiences wherever new we go and whatever new we do. We will surely have new experiences if we attend a college but we do not attend a college for new experiences. Second, we do not just attend a college only for increased knowledge. If increasing the knowledge is the only motivation for the person, then we have many other sources like textbooks, journals, internet and many other sources which can help us to gain knowledge. We need not attend a college if gaining knowledge is the only reason. However, we gain knowledge if we attend a college but gaining knowledge is not the only impetus to attend a college or university. For example, if a university offers a very splendid environment and it can impart knowledge to the students better than any other university but if it does not offer any degree and does not show any job opportunities, I am pretty sure that few people will prefer to join it. Similarly, if a university is not so good at infrastructure and research work but if it still able to provide a better placement and career growth, it is no surprise that many people will be ready to join that university compared to the latter. So, from the reasons and examples stated above I think there are many factors that influences a person to join a college or university, career preparation is the most important of all.

In Euripdes play medea Essay

In Euripides play Medea, the character of Medea is commonly described as being both manic and wicked. I do agree that throughout the play Medea does show herself to be manic individual and does commit a number of â€Å"wicked† acts, but I do not believe that she as much wicked as she is unstable, there are many other factors that need to be taken into account. Medea is a strong powerful woman in a time and society in which woman were considered weak and did not have a voice. Throughout the play Medea is shown as being completely other, she has supernatural powers and is from a far away land, and will do anything she feels fit for what she believes to be right, even if these acts could be considered wicked â€Å"a foreign woman coming among new laws, new customs, needs the skill of magic†. The men around her throughout the play treat her differently due to this â€Å"otherness† not so much respecting her but not talking to her as he would an Athenian woman. Before the play is set Medea has committed a number of atrocious crimes; killing her own brother in order to escape her father and coercing the daughters of Pelios into killing their own father after he wronged Jason. While it is hard, especially from a modern perspective, to in any way justify these acts, one can also see that she does not commit these crimes for no reason, she doesn’t kill randomly and at no point in the play does Medea suggest she takes pleasure in the act of ending a life. It seems that instead she behaves as she feels she must to do what is necessary even if that involves killing those who oppose or harm her. In my opinion this seems to so much as wicked as mentally unstable. Throughout the play Medea acts in a way that is manic, it is clear that all those around her are worried about her state of mind. Even Her own nurse, someone who would have known Medea intimately having raised her and travelled to Greece with her, fears what Medea might do drawing particular attention to what she may do to her children in hopes of getting revenge on Jason â€Å"I’ve watched her watching them like a wild bull†. Creon, King of Corinth and father of the woman for whom Jason has left Medea for, fears that Medea may wish to cause harm to him and his own and as a result of this fear plans to exile Medea â€Å"My blood runs cold to think what plots you may be nursing deep within your heart†. At this point in the play despite the suspense being built it is hard for one not to pity Medea’s plight, her husband has abandoned her, she has no family to turn to so without her husbands support a lonely greek woman would have had little way of supporting herself in a manner that was respectable especially if she had been exiled. Medea’s state of mind is one of great turmoil, for the opening scene of the play we do not see Medea herself instead Medea is heard lamenting her fate, another example of Medea’s insanity. Many believe that that Jason was solely responsible for Medea’s many wicked deeds. If Medea had never met Jason than she would have never left her family, never killed her brother and never had to live in a society in which she is a cultural alien. Everything she did was done for Jason, she is a passionate woman and her love for Jason was intense her nurse describing her as being â€Å"mad with love† and Jason’s disloyalty. Divorce was not uncommon in Greek society and at one point in the play the chorus, who throughout had been on Medea’s side, believe she is behaving in a way that is too melodramatic â€Å"this thing is common why let it anger you†, but in my opinion that for a woman who was already unstable, Jason’s cruel betrayal and Creon’s exile was enough to have push Medea over the edge â€Å"I shall strike dead father daughter, and my husband†. Jason leaves Medea and her children in favour of another woman, two reasons are given for this betrayal Jasons claims that he wished for a wife that would be politically advantageous â€Å"What luckier chance could I have met, than marriage with a King’s daughter,† and Medea’s nurse, who resents Jason, claims that it was because Jason wanted a younger prettier girl â€Å"Jason is a prisoner in a princess’s bed†. Whatever the reason Jason abandons Medea and her children in a cruel way, Jason claims he planned to support her and her children â€Å"It is not for the sake of any women that I have made this royal marriage, but as i have already said to ensure your future†. However he does not make any mention of this until after Medea has been exiled and he no longer plans to offer this support. All of Medea’s crimes are committed by way of a punishment for betraying her. She is even willing to kill her own children to punish Jason despite her love for them, she is convinced that it is the only way that she can truly punish Jason is by killing those he loves†This is the way to deal Jason the deepest wound†. It would seem that there is still a part of Medea that loves Jason as she does not simply kill him. Despite Medea’s motivation and justification for her crime, there is no avoiding the fact that Medea’s actions are evil, she killed her own children, who had never ever done anything to hurt her and who loved her and trusted her â€Å"what have they to do with their father’s wickedness†. She also killed Creon whose only crime was to wish to protect his daughter â€Å"I’d rather make you my enemy now, than weaken, then later pay with tears†, even Glauce despite being the woman who Jason left Medea for, was not truly at fault she didn’t chose Jason she was offered it was her duty to marry the man chosen for her. From the very start we know that Medea is planning some type of revenge which in Greek society was perfectly acceptable, but even they would see her crimes as being unforgivably wicked. The audience, as the play progresses, switch from pitying Medea ,to pitying Jason, Jason has over the years used Medea for his own gain, but nobody deserves to lose their own children â€Å"killed my sons? the words kill me† . Medea’s revenge is justified but she takes it to far, showing herself to be both manic and wicked. In conclusion, it is possible to say that Medea is manic, she kills all those that get in her way, and any that she needs to in order to complete her revenge. Despite this it seems hard to describe her as being completely evil, while she has killed many, she does not kill randomly, she only kill those that have wronged her, and she never kills for pleasure. So while she is most definitely dangerously unstable and capable of truly evil acts, I do not think she is truly evil.