Functions and roles in housekeeping

Functions and roles in housekeeping CHAPTER 1 – HOUSEKEEPING (INTRODUCTION) 1-1: An unfortunate truth- It is unfortunately true that housekeeping department being the largest department is the least admired and appreciated department in a hotel, which is maybe because of its ‘back of the house’ identity, its limited contact with guests and its only job of cleaning and maintaining the hotel. Housekeepers are the unsung heroes of the hotel. But today housekeeping department is no more a back of the house department, rather it is an important and integral department in a hotel. In accordance with the modernization and advancement in technology, housekeeping department has changed itself in a better way according to the present day scenario in the hotel industry. 1-2: What does Housekeeping department ensure? An effective and efficient housekeeping department essentially ensures the cleanliness, secures the safeguard, maintains an aesthetic upkeep in the hotel and deals with all the ancillary services provided by the hotel. The functions performed by hotel housekeeping department determines all the day to day operations of the hotel. Its main significance is to ensure cleanliness, comfort and safeguard in the hotel and to professionally upkeep a higher level of quality service at all times. In today’s tough and competitive scenario, maintaining exquisiteness in the hotel is hard and satisfying guest with that exquisiteness is even harder. 1-3: Changes in the job of Housekeeping department- In past times, the job of Housekeeping department was limited to the only responsibility of ensuring cleanliness and maintenance of the hotel on a timely basis, but today various and enormous changes have been made to the job of Housekeeping department ranging from the dealing with diverse cleaning chemicals, managing ‘lost and found’ and avoiding theft in the hotel. CHAPTER 2 – HOUSEKEEPING MANAGERS AND HOUSEKEEPING 2-1: Latest trends going on in Housekeeping- As the hotel industry is focusing more on recycling inventory, waste composition and environment conservation, housekeeping department needs to make some habitual changes and in order to meet the primary challenges it necessarily needs to follow the latest trends going on in the hotel industry, some of which are given down below: 2-1-1: Recycling and utilizing inventory Using old linens as towels and aprons, purchasing cleaning and guest supplies in bulk to save money, exchanging old furniture and equipment’s with scrap dealer for money or donating them to institutions or charities are some of the emerging inventory trends going on in hotel housekeeping scenario. 2-1-2: Technology savvy – Nowadays hotels are largely depended upon the use of technology to save time, bring personalization in service and ensure quality service. The use of i-pads and i-pad minis in in-room service as an e-butler which allows the guest to access the options like remote control lighting and door locking system, entertainment services like music and camera and other options. This use of technology also helps the hotel to work efficiently in day to day jobs as it enables the optimal utilization of time at one click. 2-1-3: Housekeeping software Hotel housekeeping software is a web based system that helps to cut the cost, save the time and reduce the human effort for efficient and effective management of housekeeping jobs. It enables the hotel management system to link with all the departments through web, it makes online reservations and booking features in order for hotel to increase the occupancy, it keeps the expense and usage records of the inventory and generates the reports within seconds.2-1-4: Eco-friendly practices – Hotel industry is increasingly focusing towards environmental awareness, becoming eco-friendly and moving towards reliable tourism. Hotel housekeepers emphasize eco-friendly policies in their daily briefings, creatively use local crafts in guestroom amenities and turn down services to promote and profit local trade, ensure that all the guestroom amenities are eco-friendly and no plastic and chemicals are used, encourage guests to participate in linen and towel re-us e programs. 2-2: General challenges and problems in Housekeeping- Some of the general challenges and problems faced by Housekeeping managers includes managing back to back situations, mismanagement of jobs, pest controlling, cleaning linen and towels and laundry, replenishing guestroom amenities and bathroom toiletries, bed making challenges, seasonal challenges, dealing with cleaning chemicals and equipment’s, security of guest’s belongings, etc., some of which are detailed down below: 2-2-1: Pest Controlling – The challenge of Housekeeping managers in pest controlling service is to deal with different kind of pests such as mosquitoes, cockroaches, insects and flies, lizards and rats. Save the hotel building from birds and their doing feces is also a difficult task. Housekeeping managers should coordinate with pest control vendor to ensure measures taken regarding all the pest control tasks and treatments such as timely spraying, fogging, fumigation, gel treatment, keeping gum boards for lizards and rats, using lemon grass oil spread to resist mosquitoes, birds gel and spikes and netting to resist the hotel building from birds. 2-2-2: Seasonal Challenges – Housekeeping managers encounter cleaning challenges mostly during rainy season. Cleanliness and maintenance of guest areas during rainy season becomes challenging because rainwater as flows down in guest areas along with soil leads to the algae growth and other issues in guest areas. Rainy season can also cause infestation in the hotel premises as it brings insects and flies along with it, so Housekeeping managers should ensure that there is no water logging and there is no possibility of insect infestation throughout the hotel premises. Keeping foot prints off the floor during rainy season is also a difficult challenge for housekeeping managers. 2-2-3: Security of guest’s belongings – There is always a certain extent of fear in guest’s mind when leaving their valuable items in hotel’s room. As this is a genuine fear of items getting lost or stolen. Housekeeping managers should always take some serious measures regarding guest’s valuables. Housekeeping managers need to create and circulate some strict rules to safeguard the guest’s valuable items being lost or stolen by the housekeepers. Nothing other than missing of guest’s valuables weakens the guest’s trust. CHAPTER 3 – LINEN CHALLENGES IN REGARD TO CURRENT TRENDS 3-1: Change in linen trends – There has been a scenario in hotel industry a few years ago wherein every hotel housekeeping used to repeat the same linens every year. This scenario was same for both bed and bath linens as well. Every guest could probably find the same white, plain and striped linens and same plain terry towels across every hotel they would visit. Despite this scenario has been changed as the trends has been changed as well. Previously, hotel housekeeping used to have a maximum thread count of 400 but presently it has been lengthened to 1500 which ranges from 550 GSM to 700 GSM. Whereas, previously linens were made from 100% cotton but presently hotel housekeeping use linen made from the mixture of cotton and polyester and sometimes even 100% polyester made linen is also used. Mixing polyester and several other fabrics like organic cotton, Egyptian cotton, microfiber, nylon, etc., in linen increases the strength and durability of linen. Housekeeping managers of many hotels even provide their guest with a linen menu which consists of a choice of pillows ranging from microfiber, cervical, soya, horse hair, memory foam, bamboo pillows and even a pillow concierge for assistance to ensure guests a happy sleep. Housekeeping managers of many hotels are adopting the technique of RFID or Radio Frequency Identification that acts as a linen management system which enables the housekeeping managers to tackle the challenges and problems faced by them regarding the management of the linen and linen related issues. Another upcoming trend in hotel housekeeping is the use linens made from organic products like bamboo, coir, jute, paper, wool, etc., and the use of linens which take less time in drying. Ranging from energy saver lighting and water saver bathroom amenities to eco-friendly linens, hotel housekeeping are adopting various techniques to cut linen cost and long term operational cost to initiate more efficient and effective practices. 3-2: Linen challenges and problems The use of RFID technique by the hotel housekeeping for linen management like linen inventory control, linen purchase, etc., cannot be adopted by many hotels because it is a costly system that requires a high cost involvement. The adaptation of energy efficient, environment friendly and organic products like eco-friendly linen, eco-friendly chemicals such as Eco booster, Eco soft, Eco tide, etc., by the hotel housekeeping is also reducing because it also requires a high cost involvement. Cross contamination of clean linens is one of the major challenge faced by housekeeping managers. They face major problems in keeping clean linens fresh and keeping them away from dirty and contaminated linens. Selecting appropriate and proper materials from which the linens are made up of is also a major challenge faced by housekeeping managers. They face major problem when selecting the materials like cotton, polyester, microfiber, nylon, wool, etc. Linen is mostly damaged due to excess of chemicals during washing and excess of heat during drying. Regulating chemicals during washing linens and reducing heat during drying, can increase the life of linen. Increasing the life of linen for budgeting costs and managing linen inventory is an adequate and crucial factor in hotel housekeeping. Changing and replacement of linen can be a costly operation. CHAPTER 4 – LAUNDRY CHALLENGES IN REGARD TO CURRENT TRENDS 4-1: Current laundry trends – Housekeeping managers are adopting RFID or Radio Frequency Identification technique for laundry management as it oversees it by increasing productivity, preventing loss during linen exchange, budgeting costs, tracking and recording laundry activities, monitoring laundry functions, reducing labor costs and lowering operating expenses. Housekeeping managers are adopting Ozone laundry system to reduce costs and implement environment efficient practices. The major advantage of Ozone laundry system is that it has an on premise installation and does not disrupt any other housekeeping operations. Ozone laundry system evaluates hotel laundry operations and enables the housekeeping managers for cost and energy savings. Housekeeping managers are adopting the use of special detergents with color protection technology formulated to keep dark fabric dark and the original color retained, use of bleach pens for effective upkeep of fabrics with a fine point applier technology, use of fabric softeners and whiteners, spa like treatment with laundry detergents that care fabrics with aromatic therapeutic scents and wrinkle free sprays that softens and crisps the fabric without using an iron. Housekeeping managers are adopting waterless laundry system with polymer bead technology which provides a solution to the problem of water, detergent and electricity usage and wastage. This system replaces 80% of water, uses 50% less detergent and electricity in contrast to the traditional used methods. This technology has outperformed the traditional laundry methods with today’s laundry methods used by the hotels. Another trend followed by housekeeping managers is the transformation of in-house laundry operations into polymer bead laundry system which helps to cut laundry operational costs by 50% and enables efficiency in usage of water, detergent and electricity. This technology allows the tough stains on linen to remove and linen gets cleaned in betterment for extending the life of linen, so as to provide the guests with cleaner linens and keep the linen inventory in use for a long time. 4-2: Laundry challenges and problems – A challenge faced by housekeeping managers is to wash anything and everything ranging from shoes, microfiber cloths, garments and mop heads. Washing all the laundry fabrics all together causes problems, damages the fabrics and even the machines. But at the same time, it can be expensive and excessive to wash them separately or wash them by hands. In hotels, the stains of coffee, tea and chocolates can be washed, but washing the stains of blood and some permanent stains is a challenge for housekeeping managers. Nothing can be resolved other than discarding the linens with such stains, and replacing them can involve high cost. A major challenge faced by housekeeping managers is that the removal of stains from fabrics takes time and needs patience, that housekeeping managers during laundry operations don’t have. The challenge housekeeping manager’s face is to identify and treat the stain based on the type of stain it is. Is it an oil based stain, an organic stain or a nonorganic water based stain. Another challenge which housekeeping managers face is the smelly and dirty washing machines. After washing hundreds or thousands of fabrics in laundry in a week, washing machines needs to be washed once in a week too. Housekeeping managers face a major challenge of labor intensiveness, which is the most expensive component in laundry operations. It is a cost factor which requires a high cost of involvement. The challenge is to cut labor costs by utilizing the laundry standards with efficiency and effectiveness. CHAPTER 5 – GUEST SUPPLIES CHALLENGES IN REGARD TO CURRENT TRENDS 5-1: Change in guest supplies trends – Other than providing friendly and personalized services, what interests and fantasizes the guests are the in-room guest supplies and amenities. Ranging from grooming products to cosmetic products or techno savvy products, in-room hotel guest supplies or amenities have been advanced as hotels all over the world are accepting and appreciating the latest guest’s trends. The standard old trends in hotel guest supplies of keeping a chocolate on the pillow or other food amenities during turn down service, offering a welcome drink on check-in and providing complimentary Wi-Fi, no longer interests the guests now. In the world of high-end guests who expect high-end amenities look for extravagant facilities and services. The new trends in in–room guest supplies that are emerging in hotel nowadays is providing whole minibar as complimentary amenity and offering the guests an amenity menu to choose the amenity of their choice. The standard hotel bathroom with tiled floors and shower curtains no longer fantasize the guests now. Guests of today want the bathroom trending such as distinctive faucets and sinks, extravagant lighting systems, illuminated mirrors, glass paneled doors, which boosts the bathroom design. Housekeeping managers have understood the change in trends of guest supplies and are shifting towards providing exclusive branded amenities to their guests. Accor’s luxury hotel segment Sofitel provides its guests an elegant refinement of products from exquisite brands such as Hermes, Lanvin, Cinq Mondes and Carita. 5-2: Guest supplies challenges and problems – The major challenge faced by housekeeping managers in guest supplies is the cost-factor. Housekeeping managers face a cost-cutting problem which diversely affects the quality and quantity of the guest supplies and amenities provided to the guests. Another challenge faced by housekeeping managers is the keeping minibar stocked or re-stocking of minibar amenities. Guests often complaint about the inflated price of the minibar amenities. So it is also a major challenge for the housekeeping managers. The challenge which housekeeping managers face regarding minibar guest supplies is to use costly branded products and make it a complimentary amenity. Instead they can use local or less expensive products in minibar and make it complimentary. Wi-Fi has been a standard amenity in the hotel guest’s supplies. Housekeeping managers regarding hotel Wi-Fi face cellular challenges of weak signal strength and network capacity issue. Customizing and personalizing hotel guests supplies according to the specific preferences and demands of the guests and providing the best of quality services and facilities in guest’s supplies is another major challenge faced by housekeeping managers. CHAPTER 6 – CONCLUSION 6-1: Critical Analysis – All the hotels around the world are pursuing to look for efficient and effective ways of meeting the needs and demands of the guests and providing the best of quality services, in which hotel housekeeping department plays a vital and crucial role. Hotel housekeeping department ensures to provide an all new element in the luxury to guests and guestrooms in the terms of linens, laundry, guest supplies and other ancillary amenities. The emerging trends of linens, laundry and guests supplies in hotel scenario directly collide with challenges faced by the housekeeping managers regarding these three aspects. Changes in linen operations due to cost and other factors such as using single bed sheets instead of two bed sheets, mixing polyester and several other fabric materials with cotton to make linens, are some of the changes that are taking place. Laundry operations where new washing techniques such as steam laundry, waterless laundry and ozone laundry are taking place because water is a perishable resource and need to be saved and for more environment efficient techniques. In today’s hotel scenario of high-end guests who expect high-end amenities and look for extravagant facilities and services, demand for more due to the rise in their disposable income. And by providing exquisite guest supplies hotels can rise up to the expectation mark of the guests. In the end I’d like to conclude that the housekeeping department is an important and initial part of the hotel which is not going to change anytime soon or later. Anchit Garg 1477555Page 1

Giving Credit Essay

Abstract In this assignment we compare the lives of two men that created inventions that changed the world we live in. Throughout their careers and success’ they had hurdles to jump and become innovative thinkers to create futures in their challenging industry. Great men and thinkers can move mountains and open paths to new industries. Giving Credit Where Credit Is Due As entrepreneurs in a growing world of technology and change Andy Grove and Michael Dell pioneered the industry. They were innovators, visionaries and industry leaders in their fields. Andy Grove envisioned change to create faster and more productive ways to utilize the way we process information. As an immigrant he passed through the walls of terror in his home country of Hungry which was facing many issues of destruction that the Nazi’s enforced. He fled to the United States in the 1960’s to create a better life and future for himself. Andy established a small company that he called Intel which created an immense new future for the computer technology. His contributions awarded him the esteem acknowledgement as Time Magazine’s person of the year. He pursued his dreams as all inventors to create products and progress in the ever-changing need for new technology. Andy Grove created the chip and the microprocessor that allowed information to be processed much faster and smaller in size. Mr. Dell also an inventor at an early age set up a laboratory in his dorm room while attending college to create his personal computer. His success with the personal computer caught on quick because he used a direct theory to include his customer in the structure of his product. Michael Dell believed that understanding his customer’s needs and issues would enable Dell to create good competitive products. He believed that cutting the middlemen out of the sales market would allow him that advantage. With that direct approach Dell was able to endure many obstacles as well as the recession that created market crashes in the early 2000’s. (Krames, Jeffrey A. What the Best CEOs Know: 7 Exceptional Leaders and Their Lessons for Transforming Any Business) Both Andy Grove and Michael Dell endured much criticism from competitors  because of their business approach and products and business logic. Mr. Grove instilled paranoia in his corporate CEOs so that they could become fearful of being caught off guard. Mr. Dell used his customers to create standards that would give him the leading edge over his competitors. Both were accused of manipulating the industry and deceiving the product consumers. Intel was accused of creating an inferior product that put fear into the consumer to believe the chips that were being used would create disastrous failures to the products who endorsed his chip. Dell had a simple approach to create sales and marketing by lowering the cost of his product by cutting out the middlemen which made him more competitive and viable to sustain the economic downfalls. His competitors accused him of lowering his cost so as to drive the market sales away from the non profitable companies. Both Mr. Grove and Mr. Dell used simple methods to approach the needs and creativity of the growing markets. Andy Grove made sure that being too comfortable with the products that his company offered just wasn’t going to be enough. He looked ahead to keep creating new products that would soon be replaced by a growing need for better technology. Mr. Dell never doubted his approach to keep his overhead down and modeled his success on a customer based product. He believed creating his product for the customers rather than just offering his product without realizing their valuable input. Their similarities are based on what the customer and technology needs to sustain a profitable and sustainable future. They share innovative ideas in product development and customer based satisfaction. They differed by the way each approached the markets, Intel needed to create a superior product sooner and more often to keep up with changing technologies. Dell used the customer to create products based on the user need. Each approached their core values of business and what works for them to create value and sustainability. Dell had the market share by using the internet to generate sales through machine to machine based sales and conserved his manpower to keep the cost of his product low. Intel spent many hours of research and product development to create new and innovative ground breaking products that led the industry standards. Mr. Grove believed that being complacent would drive him out of the industry and eventually close the doors. He encouraged his CEOs to listen to his sales team to find out the needs of the customers Andy Grove referred to those individuals as â€Å"Cassandra’s† that would pass on valuable customer feedback. His pushes to create paranoia made Intel strong and create rather than become comfortable because Grove feared that waiting for the market to fail made Intel week. Mr. Dell believed that his customers gave him the strength to survive and customize his business to their needs. Dell never overstocked and always built their product to order. Dell realized that over burdening their inventory would devastate their ability to keep costs down. Dell learned from their mistakes like the Olympic brand which compromised the need of customers and their ability to utilize technology threatened the Dell line of products. Dell made efforts to speak to the public and hear what they had to say and put that information into their products. (Krames, Jeffrey A. What the Best CEOs Know: 7 Exceptional Leaders and Their Lessons for Transforming Any Business) Both of these pioneers created a wealth of knowledge and bridged the technology industry to what is today. Innovation is the foundation of the industry and creating new and exciting products that can be user friendly and affordable make profits. Both of these two companies are very profitable and determined to create intelligent and appealing industries. The changing markets constantly demand new and better technologies that will enable us to accelerate computer speeds and retain more memory without absorbing higher prices and engineering. References American Psychological Association. 2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. (Krames, Jeffrey A. What the Best CEOs Know: 7 Exceptional Leaders and Their Lessons for Transforming Any Business)

Frederick Douglass Essay

â€Å"What he most dreaded, that I most desired.† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.48) Frederick Douglass states that knowledge and literacy are great forms of power. Slaves are considered property and are not treated with respect, and in his novel, Douglass expresses how he was able to overcome the altercations that he had to face contrasting it with how important it is to be literate. From being a former slave for life, to the education that his masters revoked from him, this man’s life was filled with hardships. In this novel, Douglass expresses the importance of knowledge by describing how he was able to learn, read, and write ,also what he discovered by becoming literate. This essay focuses on the ways literacy played an important role in his life, how knowledge can occasionally make you feel badly, and how knowledge being suppressed from those who are slaves affected the running of the slave system in the United States. â€Å"There can be no freedom without education.† This sentence was written by a slave named Fredrick Douglass. During slavery, â€Å"masters†¦ keep their slaves thus ignorant† (Narrative of the life of Fredrick Douglass pg.19) therefore, to keep them from rebelling against their owners and causing chaos throughout the south. Douglass writes how he was unable to continue receiving the education that his mistress started to provide him with because her husband instructed her to do otherwise. â€Å"A nigger should know nothing but to obey his master-to do as he is told to do. Learning would spoil the best nigger in the world. If you teach a slave how to read, they would become unmanageable and have no value to his ma ster.† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.47) The mistress’ husband understood that by maintaining slave’s grasp of knowledge the owners will constantly have them under control. If slaves were informed that there was something called abolition which would provide them with freedom, then they would cease to stay on the land of their owners, and even more importantly, not allow their  owners to own them and rebuttal. But something happened in Douglass’ life that assisted him to chase after the power of knowledge. With the sudden change of his mistress treating him as a man of no rights from previously portraying him as an equal caused an upset to the slaves owned by her husband. Douglass, however, started to discover what potential his knowledge could actually do for him. He states, â€Å"Nothing seemed to make her more angry than to see me with a newspaper. She seemed to think that here lay the danger† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.51) By Douglass being capable of reading he realize d the more he read â€Å"the more I was led to abhor and detest my enslavers.† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.53) Douglass’ literacy allowed him to understand what freedom is and his â€Å"determination to be free† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.81) only continued to grow. Frederick Douglass’ life was affected poorly by being literate at first. By reading different literature pieces like The Columbian Orator, Douglass discovered that there was a hope for him to become a free man. However, â€Å"Learning to read had been a curse rather than a blessing.† (Narrative of the life of Fredrick Douglass pg.53) Douglass displays how terrible he feels for not being able to do anything to free himself. He sometimes wishes that he was as ignorant as his fellow-slaves, who were used to their condition of not being aware that there was something that could potentially bring them freedom. He states, â€Å"I was broken in body, soul, and spirit. My natural elasticity was crushed, my intellect languished, the disposition to read departed, the cheerful spark that lingered about my eye died; the dark night of slavery closed in upon me; and behold a man transformed into a brute!†(Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.73) These statements Douglass shows how the idea of freedom tormented him and turned him violent. Being so close, but yet so far from freedom causes him to suffer. The knowledge which he has acquired is of no use when he is a slave and seems to be a useless attribute. However, Douglass does in fact â€Å"finally succeed in making†¦escape from slavery† (Narrativ e of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.103) his freedom allows him to speak his mind and put his knowledge to good use. Although he is free, Douglass does not turn his back on â€Å"a brother slave†. (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.103) Instead, Frederick Douglass has â€Å"been engaged in pleading the cause of my brethren.† (Narrative of the life of Frederick  Douglass pg.117) Many of these slave women and men are trapped by slavery. African-Americans were continually restrained of their freewill and forced to live a life of serving the â€Å"White Man†. â€Å"It was the blood-stained gate, the entrance to hell of slavery, through which I was about to pass† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.23). Controlled by white men, slaves were trained to believe that they were inferior to the owner. â€Å"There were no beds given to the slaves, unless one coarse blanket to be considered such, and none but men and women had these.† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.26) The slaves were controlled by their lack of knowledge and fear of the Master. â€Å"By far the larger part of the slaves knows as little of their ages as horses know of theirs.† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg. 19) Ignorance also played a major role in the controlling of slavery. Every master was well aware that they needed to know almost everything, and the slaves had to know almost nothing. This would allow the slave owners to not worry about a revolt against them, since education was not offered nor was it allowed on the slaves own time to partake in learning. The slaves were convinced that â€Å"a still tongue makes a wise head† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg. 34) since that was what they were told to think. By slaves having no education and no opportunities to speak freely the slave system flourished. â€Å"A single word from the white men was enough-against all our wishes, prayers, and entreaties-to sunder forever the dearest friends, dearest kindred, and strongest ties known to human beings.† (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass pg.58)

Synopsis Conveyor Belt System with Accident Preventer - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 992 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/09/24 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? CONVEYOR BELT SYSTEM WITH ACCIDENT PREVENTER Introduction A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials from one location to another. Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the transportation of heavy or bulky materials. Conveyor systems allow quick and efficient transportation for a wide variety of materials, which make them very popular in the material handling and packaging industries. Many kinds of conveying systems are available, and are used according to the various needs of different industries. Conveyor systems are used widespread across a range of industries due to the numerous benefits they provide. †¢ Conveyors are able to safely transport materials from one level to another, which when done by human labour would be strenuous and expensive. †¢ They can be installed almost anywhere, and are much safer than using a forklift or other machine to move materials. †¢ They can move loads of al l shapes, sizes and weights. Also, many have advanced safety features that help prevent accidents. There are a variety of options available for running conveying systems, including the hydraulic, mechanical and fully automated systems, which are equipped to fit individual needs. Conveyor systems are commonly used in many industries, including the automotive, agricultural, computer, electronic, food processing, aerospace, pharmaceutical, chemical, bottling and canning, print finishing and packaging. Although a wide variety of materials can be conveyed, some of the most common include food items such as beans and nuts, bottles and cans, automotive components, scrap metal, pills and powders, wood and furniture and grain and animal feed. Many factors are important in the accurate selection of a conveyor system. It is important to know how the conveyor system will be used beforehand. Some individual areas that are helpful to consider are the required conveyor operations, such as trans portation, accumulation and sorting, the material sizes, weights and shapes and where the loading and pickup points need to be. Types of Conveyor System †¢ Gravity Roller Conveyor †¢ Gravity Skatewheel Conveyor †¢ Belt conveyor †¢ Wire Mesh †¢ Plastic Belt †¢ Belt Driven Live Roller †¢ Lineshaft roller conveyor †¢ Chain conveyor †¢ Screw conveyor †¢ Chain Driven Live Roller Conveyor A belt conveyor consists of two or more pulleys, with a continuous loop of material the conveyor belt that rotates about them. One or both of the pulleys are powered, moving the belt and the material on the belt forward. The powered pulley is called the drive pulley while the unpowered pulley is called the idler. There are two main industrial classes of belt conveyors; Those in general material handling such as those moving boxes along inside a factory and bulk material handling such as those used to transport industrial and agricultural materials, s uch as grain, coal, ores, etc. generally in outdoor locations. Generally companies providing general material handling type belt conveyors do not provide the conveyors for bulk material handling. In addition there are a number of commercial applications of belt conveyors such as those in grocery stores. The belt consists of one or more layers of material they can be made out of rubber. Many belts in general material handling have two layers. An under layer of material to provide linear strength and shape called a carcass and an over layer called the cover. The carcass is often a cotton or plastic web or mesh. The cover is often various rubber or plastic compounds specified by use of the belt. Covers can be made from more exotic materials for unusual applications such as silicone for heat or gum rubber when traction is essential. Material flowing over the belt may be weighed in transit using a beltweigher. Belts with regularly spaced partitions, known as elevator belts, are use d for transporting loose materials up steep inclines. Belt Conveyors are used in self-unloading bulk freighters and in live bottom trucks. Conveyor technology is also used in conveyor transport such as moving sidewalks or escalators, as well as on many manufacturing assembly lines. Stores often have conveyor belts at the check-out counter to move shopping items. Ski areas also use conveyor belts to transport skiers up the hill. A wide variety of related conveying machines are available, different as regards principle of operation, means and direction of conveyance, including screw conveyors, vibrating conveyors, pneumatic conveyors, the moving floor system, which uses reciprocating slats to move cargo, and roller conveyor system, which uses a series of powered rollers to convey boxes or pallets. Conveyors are used as components in automated distribution and warehousing. In combination with computer controlled pallet handling equipment this allows for more efficient retail, who lesale, and manufacturing distribution. It is considered a labor saving system that allows large volumes to move rapidly through a process, allowing companies to ship or receive higher volumes with smaller storage space and with less labor expense. Rubber Conveyor Belts are commonly used to convey items with irregular bottom surfaces, small items that would fall in between rollers (like at a sushi conveyor bar), or bags of product that would sag between rollers. Belt conveyors are generally fairly similar in construction consisting of a metal frame with rollers at either end of a flat metal bed. The belt is looped around each of the rollers and when one of the rollers is powered (by an electrical motor) the belting slides across the solid metal frame bed, moving the product. In heavy use applications the beds which the belting is pulled over are replaced with rollers. The rollers allow weight to be conveyed as they reduce the amount of friction generated from the heavier loading on the belting. Belt conveyors can now be manufactured with curved sections which use tapered rollers and curved belting to convey products around a corner. These conveyor systems and are commonly used in postal sorting offices and airport baggage handling systems. Block diagram [pic] Description To prevent accidents a proximity sensor will be installed near accident prone area. This sensor will trigger the relay to cut off the power supply to the motor drive. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Synopsis Conveyor Belt System with Accident Preventer" essay for you Create order